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Sains
Malaysiana 54(7)(2025): 1797-1811
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5407-13
Evaluation of Aesthetic and Mechanical Properties of
Single Shade Dental Polymer Resin: An in-vitro Study
(Penilaian Sifat Estetik dan Mekanikal Resin Polimer
Pergigian Satu Warna: Suatu Kajian in-vitro)
LIM
CHIEN WEN1, KELKAR KASTURI CHANDRASHEKHAR1, NOOR AZLIN
YAHYA2 & HADIJAH ABDULLAH1,*
1Restorative Dentistry
Department, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
2Restorative Dentistry
Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
Received: 29 August 2024/Accepted: 21 May 2025
Abstract
This study evaluated the aesthetic and mechanical
properties of single shade resin composite comparing with three different resin
composites. Colour matching was performed on ninety class III preparations
on acrylic central incisors with shades B1, B2, and A3. One single shade (Omnichroma) and three different
multishade resin composite (Filtek Universal Restorative; Palfique LX5;
Beautifil II) were used for restoration on each side. Digital photograph was taken under
standardized set-up. Colour measurements were taken in the centre of
restoration, and tooth surface 1.0 mm from the tooth/restoration margin. The colour
difference was analysed using CIELAB equation. For colour stability and
surface roughness evaluation, resin composites (10 × 2 mm) were prepared and polished with Sof-LexTM discs. Baseline colour and
surface roughness were assessed using digital spectrophotometer and 3D
Optical Surface Texture Analyzer, respectively. After 28 days of immersion in
distilled water or coffee, post soaking colour changes and surface roughness
were recorded. Flexural strength test was performed on 40 specimens (25 × 2 × 2 mm) according to ISO 4049. Three
point bending test was performed
using the universal testing machine. Omnichroma
showed higher colour difference compared to composites in B1 shade (p<0.05).
After 28 days of coffee immersion, Omnichroma had significantly different
colour stability compared to multi-shade system (p<0.05). There was no difference between the surface roughness of Omnichroma with multi-shade system.
Omichroma exhibited the highest flexural strength statically. Further strengthening is needed to
enhance Omnichroma’s properties for clinical use while preserving its ability
to match surrounding tooth structure.
Keywords: Colour
matching; colour stability; flexural strength; resin composite; surface
roughness
Abstrak
Penyelidikan
ini menilai sifat estetik dan mekanikal resin komposit satu warna berbanding
dengan tiga resin komposit yang berbeza. Pemadanan warna dilakukan pada sembilan
puluh persediaan Kelas III pada gigi insisiv tiruan dengan warna B1, B2 dan A3.
Satu resin komposit satu warna (Omnichroma) dan tiga resin komposit pelbagai
warna (Filtek Universal Restorative, Palfique LX5 dan Beautifil II) digunakan
untuk pemulihan pada setiap sisi. Gambar digital diambil di bawah tetapan piawai.
Ukuran warna diambil di pusat pemulihan dan pada permukaan gigi 1.0 mm daripada
margin gigi/pemulihan. Perbezaan warna dianalisis menggunakan persamaan CIELAB.
Untuk penilaian kestabilan warna dan kekasaran permukaan, resin komposit (10 ×
2 mm) disediakan dan digilap dengan cakera Sof-LexTM. Warna asas dan kekasaran
permukaan dinilai masing-masing menggunakan spektrofotometer digital dan
Penganalisis Tekstur Permukaan Optik 3D. Selepas 28 hari perendaman dalam air
suling atau kopi, perubahan warna selepas perendaman dan kekasaran permukaan
direkodkan. Ujian kekuatan lenturan dilakukan pada 40 spesimen (25 × 2 × 2 mm)
mengikut ISO 4049. Ujian lenturan tiga titik dilakukan menggunakan mesin ujian
universal. Omnichroma menunjukkan perbezaan warna yang lebih tinggi berbanding
komposit pada warna B1 (p<0.05). Selepas 28 hari perendaman dalam kopi,
Omnichroma mempunyai kestabilan warna yang berbeza dengan ketara berbanding
sistem pelbagai warna (p<0.05). Tiada perbezaan antara kekasaran permukaan
Omnichroma dan sistem pelbagai warna. Omnichroma menunjukkan kekuatan lenturan
tertinggi secara statistik. Pengukuhan lanjut diperlukan untuk meningkatkan
sifat Omnichroma bagi kegunaan klinikal sambil mengekalkan keupayaannya untuk
menyesuaikan struktur gigi sekeliling.
Kata kunci: Kekasaran permukaan; kekuatan lenturan; kestabilan warna;
komposit resin; padanan warna
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*Corresponding
author; email: hadijah@mahsa.edu.my
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